The Compression Test is used to determine how a product or material will react when compressed, crushed, crushed or flattened by means of measuring the basic parameters that determine sample behaviour under a compression load.
These basic parameters, which are approximately proportional to the limit of materials, and to the yield point or yield strength also known as the elastic limit, Young’s Modulus (these are mostly associated with the tensile test, although they may have pressure analogues) and compression strength.
Compression Testing
Compression testing can be performed as part of the design process, in the production environment or in the Quality Control Laboratory, and can be used for:
- Assessing the strength of components. For example; automotive and aerospace control switches, compression springs, bellows, keypads, package seals, PET containers, PVC / ABS pipes, solenoids, etc.
- Characterizing the compression properties of materials. For example; foam, metal, PET and other plastics and rubber.
- Evaluating the performance of products. For example, the expressive power of a syringe or the load-displacement properties of a tennis ball.
What are The Types of Compression Testing?
Types of Compression Testing include.
- • Flexing / Bending
- • Peak load / Crush resistance
What are The Benefits of Compression Testing?
Compression testing provides data on the integrity and safety of materials, components, and products, helping manufacturers to ensure that their finished products are made fit for purpose and are of the highest quality.
Data generated in a Compression test can be used in many ways, including:
- To determine batch quality
- To determine consistency in production
- To assist in the design process
- To reduce material costs and achieve lean manufacturing goals
- Ensure compliance with international and industry standards
Materials Under Compression
Some materials subjected to compression force initially show a linear relationship between stress and strain. This is the physical manifestation of Hooke’s law and states that:
E = Stress (s) / Strain (e)
Where E represents Young’s Modulus for compression. This value represents how much the material will warp under the compression load applied before plastic deformation occurs. The ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation occurs is called its elasticity.
For example, vulcanized rubber is said to be very elastic because it will return to its original shape after applying a significant amount of compression force.
When a certain force or tension threshold is reached, permanent or plastic deformation occurs and is shown in graphs as the point at which the linear behaviour stops.
This threshold is known as the proportional limit, and the force at which the material begins to exhibit this behaviour is called the yield point or yield strength. A sample will then exhibit one of two types of behaviour; it will either continue to deform until it finally breaks, or it will deform until it is flat. In both cases, a maximum voltage or force will occur, which provides the ultimate compressive strength value.
Each of these parameters provides useful information about the physical properties of the material in question.
Some materials, such as the PET bottle, deform during a Compression test and are measured by the degree of distortion, whereas other materials, such as ceramic fracture, produce a precise compressive strength value.
Applications of Compression Testing
Compression testing is used to guarantee the quality of components, materials and finished products in a wide range of industries. Typical compression testing practices are highlighted in the following sectors:
- Aerospace and automotive industry
- Construction sector
- Cosmetics Industry
- Electrical and electronics industry
- Medical Device Industry
- Packaging Industry
- Paper and cardboard industry
- Plastics, Rubber and Elastomer sector
- Safety, Health and Fitness Sector
KALKANCI’s Compression Test
Here at KALKANCI, we put our products through the most difficult tests, constantly testing to ensure that they achieve limits of their potential durability. The KALKANCI team is proud to produce products that have successfully overcome even the most difficult tests, such as Compression testing.